Link building is considered as one the most powerful techniques of off page optimization for making your site popular and increasing PageRank. But only relevant and quality links with high PR can give fast result.
Off site or Off-Page Optimization deals with building links. It is responsible for getting quality of back links. Here are some of the strategies that falls under Off-Page Optimization:
blog commenting
press release
article and directory submissions
classified ads
link exchange
online groups
forum posting
social bookmarking
social networking
rss feed submission