Firstly, Perl is quite important language to be known. I will split it in proper divisions to make you all understand easily. You will find it very much similar to C.
Arithmetic
+ (the sum of two numbers)
- ( the difference of two numbers)
* (the product of two numbers)
/ (the quotient of two numbers)
+= (add a number to a variable)
-= (subtract a number from a variable)
++ (increment a variable by 1)
-- (decrement a variable by 1)
String Manipulation
. (returns the concatenated, or combined, string of two smaller strings)
.= (appends a string onto a variable)
Logical Operations
They are True or False and can help in setting up program conditions.
&& ( true if the first and second are true)
| | (true if the first or the second are true)
! (true opposite)
== (true if the first is equal to the second)
>
<
>=
<=
!=
String Logical Operators
eq (true if first string is equal to the second)
ne (true if first string is NOT equal to the second)
Statement Blocks
(){}, the {} represents a statement block. Inside this can be 1 or more instructions. They can be used with flow control statements, such as if to allow your program to have logical flow.